Interconectednes Illness Perception With Self Managament In Patient Hipertension

Abstract

Hypertension is a health issue with a steadily rising global prevalence. However, patient disease management remains suboptimal—specifically regarding effective self-management—a practice that can be influenced by illness perception. This study aimed to determine the relationship between illness perception and self-management among hypertensive patients at the Kemlagi Community Health Center (Puskesmas). A correlational analytic design with a cross-sectional approach was employed. The study population consisted of all 135 Prolanis participants diagnosed with hypertension at the center; a sample of 70 individuals was selected using purposive sampling. Illness perception served as the independent variable, while self-management was the dependent variable. Data were collected using the Illness Perception Questionnaire-Revised (IPQ-R) and the Self-Care of Hypertension Inventory (SCHI). Data analysis was performed using the Spearman's rank statistical test. The results showed a p-value of 0.000 (less than α = 0.05), indicating a significant relationship between illness perception and self-management among the patients; the r-value of 0.538 demonstrated a strong, positive correlation. Higher levels of illness perception corresponded to higher levels of self-management, and conversely, lower levels of illness perception corresponded to lower levels of self-management. However, an individual's levels of illness perception and self-management are also influenced by factors such as family or social support, adherence, health insurance coverage, comorbidities, age, education level, knowledge, motivation, self-efficacy, and perceived barriers. Therefore, interventions should not focus solely on pharmacological therapy; educational efforts are also needed to foster more adaptive illness perceptions, thereby enhancing self-management.