ASSESSMENT OF CONSCIOUSNESS LEVELS IN PATIENTS WITH HEAD INJURY USING THE FULL OUTLINE OF UNRESPONSIVENESS (FOUR SCORE) IN THE EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT

Abstract

Head injury is one of the causes of neurological disorders that can lead to decreased levels of consciousness, requiring rapid and accurate assessment. One of the instruments that can be used is the Full Outline of UnResponsiveness (FOUR Score), which evaluates eye response, motor response, brainstem reflexes, and respiration. This study aimed to describe the level of consciousness in head injury patients using the FOUR Score. This research employed a quantitative descriptive observational design with a cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of 27 respondents selected based on inclusion criteria using consecutive sampling techniques. Data were collected using the FOUR Score observation sheet and analyzed using the first quartile (Q1), third quartile (Q3), and interquartile range (IQR). The results showed that the highest FOUR Score values were found in mild head injury (Q1=15.5; Q3=16; IQR=0.5), while the lowest values were found in severe head injury (Q1=7.25; Q3=7.75; IQR=0.5). The findings indicated that an increase in head injury severity was accompanied by a decrease in FOUR Score values, reflecting a decline in the patient's level of consciousness.